[Incidence, hospital stay and risk factors associated with the occurrence of pharyngo-cutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Pharyngo-cutaneous fistula (PCF) is one of the main problems for patients undergoing total laryngectomy. There are many risk factors described and associated with the appearance of PCF; however, some of these are currently under discussion. The aim of this work is to analyse the incidence of PCF, hospital stay and associated risk factors in patients undergoing total laryngectomy in a secondary hospital. METHODS This was an observational study in a retrospective cohort. We included all patients who underwent total laryngectomy between 2006 and 2011. We considered sociodemographic and clinical items, and most of the risk factors studied in the literature by other authors (tracheostomy, tumour stage, chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery, etc.). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS(®) 15.0 and Epidat(®) 3.1. RESULTS We analysed 70 total laryngectomies. The incidence of PCF in the time period studied was 48.6%. There were significant differences between the mean hospital stay of patients with and without PCF. Affected locoregional lymph nodes were found to be the only risk factor for the occurrence of PCF [RR=1.60 (1.006-2.54)]. CONCLUSION The incidence of PCF is associated with the presence of affected locoregional lymph nodes. It is not associated with tracheostomy, administration of radio/chemotherapy before surgery or tumour location.